What are Raccoon Roundworms?

February 6, 2025  |  Health & Wildlife Diseases
Raccoon roundworms (Baylisascaris procyonis) are parasitic worms that live in the intestines of raccoons. The adult worms are white to tan in color and measure approximately 4 to 8 inches in length. These roundworms can infect humans as well as dogs and cats. Although human infections are rare, they can be severe if the parasites invade the eyes, organs, or brain. Raccoon roundworms lay thousands of tiny eggs that are found in raccoon droppings.

Table of Contents

  • Introduction

  • Common Firewood Pests

  • Our 7 Prevention Tips

  • Conclusion

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How Raccoon Roundworm Spreads

People become infected by ingesting infectious eggs in soil, water, or on objects contaminated with raccoon feces. Raccoons defecate in communal sites called latrines. Raccoon latrines are commonly found at the bases of trees, in unsealed attics, or on flat surfaces such as logs, rocks, and decks.

Anyone who is exposed to environments where raccoons frequent is potentially at risk, especially homes with a raccoon infestations. Young children are particularly vulnerable since they are more likely to put contaminated fingers, soil, or objects into their mouths.

When a person ingests these eggs, they hatch into larvae in the intestine and can migrate throughout the body, affecting various organs and muscles. Depending on where the larvae travel, a Baylisascaris infection can impact the brain, spinal cord, eyes, and other organs.

According to the CDC, “fewer than 25 cases of Baylisascaris disease have been documented in the United States. However, it is possible that some cases are incorrectly diagnosed as other infections or go undiagnosed. Cases that are diagnosed tend to be severe.”

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Symptoms

Symptoms can appear 1 to 4 weeks after exposure and may include:
  • Nausea
  • Tiredness
  • Liver enlargement
  • Loss of coordination
  • Lack of attention to people and surroundings
  • Loss of muscle control
  • Blindness
  • Coma

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Treatment of Raccoon Roundworm

If you suspect you may have ingested raccoon feces, seek immediate medical attention. Make sure to inform your healthcare provider if you have recently been exposed to raccoons or their feces. Your healthcare provider will discuss treatment options with you. According to the CDC, “no drug has been found to be completely effective against raccoon roundworm in people. Albendazole, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic, has been recommended for specific cases.”

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Prevention

If you suspect you may have ingested raccoon feces, seek immediate medical attention. Make sure to inform your healthcare provider if you have recently been exposed to raccoons or their feces. Your healthcare provider will discuss treatment options with you. According to the CDC, “no drug has been found to be completely effective against raccoon roundworm in people. Albendazole, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic, has been recommended for specific cases.”

Table of Contents

  • Overview

  • Transmission

  • Symptoms

  • Treatment

  • Prevention

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